*** Primary Characterization Data *** |
Pedon ID: 89TX469014 | ( Victoria, Texas ) | Print Date: Nov 23 2024 7:25AM |
Sampled as on Apr 1, 1989: | Lake Charles ; Fine, montmorillonitic, thermic Typic Pelludert |
Revised to correlated on Jul 9, 2007: | Laewest ; Fine, smectitic, hyperthermic Typic Pelluderts |
United States Department of Agriculture | ||||
SSL | - | Project | CP89TX134 TEXAS VERTISOL STUDY | Natural Resources Conservation Service |
- | Site ID | S1989TX469014 Lat: 28° 44' 17.00" north Long: 96° 50' 30.00" west MLRA: 150B | National Soil Survey Center | |
- | Pedon No. | 89P0510 | Soil Survey Laboratory | |
- | General Methods 1B1A, 2A1, 2B | Lincoln, Nebraska 68508-3866 |
Layer | Horizon | Orig Hzn | Depth (cm) | Field Label 1 | Field Label 2 | Field Label 3 | Field Texture | Lab Texture |
89P02833 | A1 | A1 | 0-8 | C | C | |||
89P02834 | A2 | A2 | 8-48 | C | C | |||
89P02835 | Bw1 | Bw1 | 48-92 | C | C | |||
89P02836 | Bw2 | Bw2 | 92-120 | C | C | |||
89P02837 | Bk1 | Bk1 | 120-150 | C | C | |||
89P02838 | Bk2 | Bk2 | 150-175 | C | C | |||
89P02839 | Bk3 | Bk3 | 175-215 | C | C |
Pedon Calculations | |||
Calculation Name | Result | Units of Measure | |
CEC Activity, CEC7/Clay, Weighted Average | 0.96 | (NA) | |
Clay, carbonate free, Weighted Average | 52 | % wt | |
Weighted Particles, 0.1-75mm, 75 mm Base | 8 | % wt | |
Volume, >2mm, Weighted Average | 0 | % vol | |
Clay, total, Weighted Average | 52 | % wt | |
LE, Whole Soil, Summed to 1m | 15 | cm/m | |
Weighted averages based on control section: 25-100 cm |
PSDA & Rock Fragments | -1- | -2- | -3- | -4- | -5- | -6- | -7- | -8- | -9- | -10- | -11- | -12- | -13- | -14- | -15- | -16- | -17- | -18- | |||
(- - - - - Total - - - - - -) | (- - Clay - - -) | (- - - - Silt - - - - -) | (- - - - - - - - - - - - Sand - - - - - - - - - - - -) | ( Rock Fragments (mm) ) | |||||||||||||||||
Lab | Clay | Silt | Sand | Fine | CO3 | Fine | Coarse | VF | F | M | C | VC | (- - - - - - - - Weight - - - - - - - -) | >2 mm | |||||||
Text- | < | .002 | .05 | < | < | .002 | .02 | .05 | .10 | .25 | .5 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 20 | .1- | wt % | ||||
Depth | ure | .002 | -.05 | -2 | .0002 | .002 | -.02 | -.05 | -.10 | -.25 | -.50 | -1 | -2 | -5 | -20 | -75 | 75 | whole | |||
Layer | (cm) | Horz | Prep | (- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - % of <2mm Mineral Soil - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -) | (- - - - - - - % of <75mm - - - - - -) | soil | |||||||||||||||
3A1a1a | 3A1a1a | 3A1a1a | 3A1a1a | 3A1a1a | 3A1a1a | 3A1a1a | 3A1a1a | 3A1a1a | 3A1a1a | 3A1a1a | 3A1a1a | 3A1a1a | 3B1 | 3B1 | 3B1 | ||||||
89P02833 | 0-8 | A1 | S | c | 48.3 | 32.0 | 19.7 | 39.9 | 22.2 | 9.8 | 12.4 | 6.5 | 0.7 | 0.1 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 7 | -- | |
89P02834 | 8-48 | A2 | S | c | 48.7 | 31.8 | 19.5 | 40.0 | 21.7 | 10.1 | 11.1 | 7.6 | 0.8 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 8 | -- | |
89P02835 | 48-92 | Bw1 | S | c | 52.6 | 28.8 | 18.6 | 37.3 | 20.1 | 8.7 | 11.1 | 6.7 | 0.7 | 0.1 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 8 | -- | |
89P02836 | 92-120 | Bw2 | S | c | 53.7 | 27.0 | 19.3 | 31.8 | 16.9 | 10.1 | 11.3 | 7.0 | 0.8 | 0.2 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 8 | -- | |
89P02837 | 120-150 | Bk1 | S | c | 51.5 | 28.6 | 19.9 | 26.2 | 18.2 | 10.4 | 10.2 | 6.6 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 0.6 | -- | -- | -- | 10 | -- | |
89P02838 | 150-175 | Bk2 | S | c | 49.5 | 31.1 | 19.4 | 24.7 | 0.3 | 20.5 | 10.6 | 9.8 | 6.5 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 0.9 | -- | -- | -- | 10 | -- |
89P02839 | 175-215 | Bk3 | S | c | 47.5 | 33.4 | 19.1 | 25.0 | 1.7 | 22.9 | 10.5 | 10.9 | 5.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.5 | -- | -- | -- | 8 | -- |
*** Primary Characterization Data *** |
Pedon ID: 89TX469014 | ( Victoria, Texas ) | Print Date: Nov 23 2024 7:25AM |
Sampled As | : | Lake Charles | Fine, montmorillonitic, thermic Typic Pelludert | ||
USDA-NRCS-NSSC-Soil Survey Laboratory | ; | Pedon No. 89P0510 |
Bulk Density & Moisture | -1- | -2- | -3- | -4- | -5- | -6- | -7- | -8- | -9- | -10- | -11- | -12- | -13- | -14- | |||
(Bulk Density) | Cole | (- - - - - - - - - - - Water Content - - - - - - - - - - -) | ( Air Dry-Oven Dry ) | WRD | Aggst | ||||||||||||
33 | Oven | Whole | 6 | 10 | 33 | 1500 | 1500 kPa | (- - - - Ratio - - - -) | Whole | Stabl | (- - Ratio/Clay - -) | ||||||
Depth | kPa | Dry | Soil | kPa | kPa | kPa | kPa | Moist | Corrected | Soil | 2-0.5mm | CEC7 | 1500 kPa | ||||
Layer | (cm) | Horz | Prep | (- - - g cm-3 - - -) | (- - - - - - - - - - - - pct of < 2mm - - - - - - - - - - - -) | cm3 cm-3 | % | ||||||||||
4A1d | 4A1h | 4B1c | 3C2a1a | 3D1 | 4C1 | 3F1a1a | 8D1 | 8D1 | |||||||||
89P02833 | 0-8 | A1 | S | 1.15 | 1.62 | 0.121 | 36.0 | 24.3 | 1.052 | 0.13 | 69 | 1.00 | 0.50 | ||||
89P02834 | 8-48 | A2 | S | 1.28 | 1.95 | 0.151 | 35.7 | 24.1 | 1.044 | 0.15 | 68 | 0.98 | 0.49 | ||||
89P02835 | 48-92 | Bw1 | S | 1.27 | 1.97 | 0.158 | 38.1 | 24.9 | 1.060 | 0.17 | 0.95 | 0.47 | |||||
89P02836 | 92-120 | Bw2 | S | 1.29 | 1.92 | 0.142 | 35.7 | 24.9 | 1.060 | 0.14 | 0.92 | 0.46 | |||||
89P02837 | 120-150 | Bk1 | S | 1.27 | 1.98 | 0.160 | 37.6 | 24.1 | 1.054 | 0.17 | 0.09 | 0.47 | |||||
89P02838 | 150-175 | Bk2 | S | 1.30 | 1.97 | 0.149 | 36.3 | 21.8 | 1.044 | 0.19 | 0.75 | 0.44 | |||||
89P02839 | 175-215 | Bk3 | S | 1.38 | 1.95 | 0.122 | 32.5 | 20.7 | 1.038 | 0.16 | 0.64 | 0.44 |
Water Content | -1- | -2- | -3- | -4- | -5- | -6- | -7- | -8- | -9- | -10- | -11- | -12- | -13- | |||||||
(- - Atterberg - -) | (- - - - - Bulk Density - - - - -) | (- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Water Content - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -) | ||||||||||||||||||
(- - - Limits - - -) | Field | Recon | Recon | Field | Recon | (- - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sieved Samples - - - - - - - - - - - - -) | ||||||||||||||
LL | PI | 33 | Oven | 33 | 6 | 10 | 33 | 100 | 200 | 500 | ||||||||||
Depth | kPa | Dry | kPa | kPa | kPa | kPa | kPa | kPa | kPa | |||||||||||
Layer | (cm) | Horz | Prep | pct <0.4mm | (- - - - - - - - g cm-3 - - - - - - -) | (- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - % of < 2mm - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -) | ||||||||||||||
4F1 | 4F | |||||||||||||||||||
89P02833 | 0-8 | A1 | S | 69 | 52 | |||||||||||||||
89P02834 | 8-48 | A2 | S | 67 | 50 | |||||||||||||||
89P02835 | 48-92 | Bw1 | S | 71 | 54 | |||||||||||||||
89P02837 | 120-150 | Bk1 | S | 70 | 55 |
Carbon & Extractions | -1- | -2- | -3- | -4- | -5- | -6- | -7- | -8- | -9- | -10- | -11- | -12- | -13- | -14- | -15- | -16- | -17- | -18- | -19- | |||
(- - - - - Total - - - - -) | Est | OC | C/N | (- - - Dith-Cit Ext - - -) | (- - - - - - Ammonium Oxalate Extraction - - - - - -) | (- - - Na Pyro-Phosphate - - -) | ||||||||||||||||
Depth | C | N | S | OC | (WB) | Ratio | Fe | Al | Mn | Al+½Fe | ODOE | Fe | Al | Si | Mn | C | Fe | Al | Mn | |||
Layer | (cm) | Horz | Prep | (- - - - - - - - - - % of <2 mm - - - - - - - - - -) | (- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - % of < 2mm - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -) | mg kg-1 | (- - - - - - % of < 2mm - - - - -) | |||||||||||||||
6A1c | 6C2b | 6G7a | 6D2a | 8J | 6C9a | 6G12 | 6V2 | 6D5b | ||||||||||||||
89P02833 | 0-8 | A1 | S | 2.95 | 0.2 | tr | 0.1 | 0.21 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 0.15 | 0.08 | 451.8 | |||||||||
89P02834 | 8-48 | A2 | S | 1.64 | 0.2 | tr | 0.1 | 0.20 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.15 | 0.09 | 305.3 | |||||||||
89P02835 | 48-92 | Bw1 | S | 1.14 | 0.3 | tr | 0.1 | 0.20 | 0.03 | 0.07 | 0.17 | 0.10 | 280.3 | |||||||||
89P02836 | 92-120 | Bw2 | S | 0.75 | 0.2 | tr | 0.1 | 0.21 | 0.02 | 0.09 | 0.16 | 0.11 | 456.0 | |||||||||
89P02837 | 120-150 | Bk1 | S | 0.53 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.20 | 0.02 | 0.10 | 0.16 | 0.11 | 779.8 | |||||||||
89P02838 | 150-175 | Bk2 | S | 0.20 | 0.1 | 0.1 | tr | 0.16 | 0.02 | 0.06 | 0.13 | 0.09 | 161.3 | |||||||||
89P02839 | 175-215 | Bk3 | S | 0.05 | 0.2 | 0.1 | tr | 0.15 | 0.02 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.10 | 460.6 |
*** Primary Characterization Data *** |
Pedon ID: 89TX469014 | ( Victoria, Texas ) | Print Date: Nov 23 2024 7:25AM |
Sampled As | : | Lake Charles | Fine, montmorillonitic, thermic Typic Pelludert | ||
USDA-NRCS-NSSC-Soil Survey Laboratory | ; | Pedon No. 89P0510 |
CEC & Bases | -1- | -2- | -3- | -4- | -5- | -6- | -7- | -8- | -9- | -10- | -11- | -12- | -13- | -14- | |||
(- - - - - - NH4OAC Extractable Bases - - - - -) | CEC8 | CEC7 | ECEC | (- - - - Base - - - -) | |||||||||||||
Sum | Acid- | Extr | KCl | Sum | NH4 | Bases | Al | (- Saturation -) | |||||||||
Depth | Ca | Mg | Na | K | Bases | ity | Al | Mn | Cats | OAC | +Al | Sat | Sum | NH4OAC | |||
Layer | (cm) | Horz | Prep | (- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - cmol(+) kg-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -) | mg kg-1 | (- - - - cmol(+) kg-1 - - -) | (- - - - - - - - % - - - - - - - -) | ||||||||||
6N2e | 6O2d | 6P2b | 6Q2b | 6H5a | 5A3a | 5A8b | 5C3 | 5C1 | |||||||||
89P02833 | 0-8 | A1 | S | 37.9 | 7.5 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 46.8 | 7.2 | 54.0 | 48.1 | 87 | 97 | ||||
89P02834 | 8-48 | A2 | S | 39.2* | 7.8 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 48.5 | 5.9 | 54.4 | 47.7 | 89 | 100 | ||||
89P02835 | 48-92 | Bw1 | S | 41.5* | 8.1 | 2.0 | 0.6 | 5.1 | 50.0 | 91 | 100 | ||||||
89P02836 | 92-120 | Bw2 | S | 39.6* | 10.0 | 3.4 | 0.6 | 5.2 | 49.3 | 91 | 100 | ||||||
89P02837 | 120-150 | Bk1 | S | 45.9* | 10.5 | 4.3 | 0.6 | 4.5 | 100 | 100 | |||||||
89P02838 | 150-175 | Bk2 | S | 51.8* | 9.5 | 4.3 | 0.6 | 37.3 | 100 | 100 | |||||||
89P02839 | 175-215 | Bk3 | S | 49.9* | 8.2 | 3.9 | 0.6 | 30.2 | 100 | 100 |
Salt | -1- | -2- | -3- | -4- | -5- | -6- | -7- | -8- | -9- | -10- | -11- | -12- | -13- | -14- | -15- | -16- | -17- | -18- | -19- | -20- | |||
(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Water Extracted From Saturated Paste - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -) | 1:2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | Elec | Elec | Exch | ||||||||||||||||||||
Depth | Ca | Mg | Na | K | CO3 | HCO3 | F | Cl | PO4 | Br | OAC | SO4 | NO2 | NO3 | H2O | Salts | Cond | Cond | Na | SAR | |||
Layer | (cm) | Horz | Prep | (- - - - - mmol(+) L-1 - - - - -) | (- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - mmol(-) L-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -) | (- - - - % - - - -) | (- - dS m-1 - -) | % | |||||||||||||||
6N1b | 6O1b | 6P1b | 6Q1b | 6I1b | 6J1b | 6U1a | 6K1c | 6L1c | 6W1a | 6M1c | 8A | 8D5 | 8A3a | 4F1a1a1 | 5E | ||||||||
89P02833 | 0-8 | A1 | S | 4.0 | 0.8 | 1.5 | 0.2 | -- | 3.9 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 0.6 | -- | -- | 91.2 | tr | 0.63 | 0.27 | 1 | 1 | |||
89P02834 | 8-48 | A2 | S | 0.13 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||
89P02835 | 48-92 | Bw1 | S | 3.3 | 0.7 | 5.0 | -- | -- | 5.6 | 0.3 | 1.3 | 0.8 | -- | -- | 93.7 | tr | 0.90 | 0.29 | 3 | 4 | |||
89P02836 | 92-120 | Bw2 | S | 1.1 | 0.3 | 5.0 | tr | -- | 3.7 | 0.2 | 1.3 | 0.7 | -- | -- | 94.2 | tr | 0.65 | 0.31 | 6 | 6 | |||
89P02837 | 120-150 | Bk1 | S | 0.9 | 0.3 | 6.0 | tr | -- | 3.5 | 0.2 | 1.8 | 1.1 | -- | -- | 94.0 | tr | 0.74 | 0.40 | 83 | 8 | |||
89P02838 | 150-175 | Bk2 | S | 0.8 | 0.3 | 6.5 | tr | -- | 3.3 | 0.3 | 2.3 | 1.3 | -- | -- | 95.0 | tr | 0.80 | 0.45 | 10 | 9 | |||
89P02839 | 175-215 | Bk3 | S | 1.0 | 0.4 | 7.0 | 0.1 | -- | 2.1 | 0.7 | 3.0 | 1.9 | -- | -- | 87.7 | tr | 0.92 | 0.51 | 11 | 8 |
*** Primary Characterization Data *** |
Pedon ID: 89TX469014 | ( Victoria, Texas ) | Print Date: Nov 23 2024 7:25AM |
Sampled As | : | Lake Charles | Fine, montmorillonitic, thermic Typic Pelludert | ||
USDA-NRCS-NSSC-Soil Survey Laboratory | ; | Pedon No. 89P0510 |
pH & Carbonates | -1- | -2- | -3- | -4- | -5- | -6- | -7- | -8- | -9- | -10- | -11- | |||
(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - pH - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -) | (- - Carbonate - -) | (- - Gypsum - - -) | ||||||||||||
CaCl2 | As CaCO3 | As CaSO4*2H2O | Resist | |||||||||||
Depth | 0.01M | H2O | Sat | <2mm | <20mm | <2mm | <20mm | ohms | ||||||
Layer | (cm) | Horz | Prep | KCl | 1:2 | 1:1 | Paste | Oxid | NaF | (- - - - - - - - - - - - % - - - - - - - - - - -) | cm-1 | |||
4C1a2a3 | 4C1a2a | 4C1a2a | 8C1b | 6E1g | 4E2a1a1a1 | 8E1 | ||||||||
89P02833 | 0-8 | A1 | S | 5.5 | 5.9 | 6.4 | 6.0 | |||||||
89P02834 | 8-48 | A2 | S | 5.4 | 5.8 | 6.5 | ||||||||
89P02835 | 48-92 | Bw1 | S | 6.4 | 7.0 | 7.3 | 6.9 | 1 | ||||||
89P02836 | 92-120 | Bw2 | S | 6.8 | 7.4 | 7.5 | 7.4 | 1 | 1100 | |||||
89P02837 | 120-150 | Bk1 | S | 7.1 | 7.6 | 8.4 | 7.6 | 3 | ||||||
89P02838 | 150-175 | Bk2 | S | 7.6 | 7.8 | 8.4 | 7.8 | 12 | ||||||
89P02839 | 175-215 | Bk3 | S | 7.4 | 7.9 | 8.5 | 7.9 | 15 | -- |
*** Primary Characterization Data *** |
Pedon ID: 89TX469014 | ( Victoria, Texas ) | Print Date: Nov 23 2024 7:25AM |
Sampled As | : | Lake Charles | Fine, montmorillonitic, thermic Typic Pelludert | ||
USDA-NRCS-NSSC-Soil Survey Laboratory | ; | Pedon No. 89P0510 |
Clay Mineralogy (<.002 mm) | -1- | -2- | -3- | -4- | -5- | -6- | -7- | -8- | -9- | -10- | -11- | -12- | -13- | -14- | -15- | -16- | -17- | -18- | |||
X-Ray | Thermal | Elemental | EGME | Inter | |||||||||||||||||
SiO2 | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | MgO | CaO | K2O | Na2O | Retn | preta | |||||||||||||
Depth | Fract | 7A2i | 7C3 | tion | |||||||||||||||||
Layer | (cm) | Horz | ion | ( - - - - - - - - - peak size - - - - - - - - - - ) | (- - - - - - - - - % - - - - - - - - - -) | (- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - % - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -) | mg g-1 | ||||||||||||||
89P02833 | 0.0-8.0 | A1 | tcly | MT 3 | VR 2 | KK 2 | CL 1 | MI 1 | 14 | 5.9 | 0.9 | ||||||||||
QZ 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
89P02835 | 48.0-92.0 | Bw1 | tcly | MT 4 | KK 3 | VC 2 | QZ 2 | VR 1 | 17 | 5.7 | 0.8 | ||||||||||
MI 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
89P02837 | 120.0-150.0 | Bk1 | tcly | MT 4 | KK 3 | MC 2 | QZ 2 | MI 1 | 17 | 5.6 | 0.9 | ||||||||||
89P02839 | 175.0-215.0 | Bk3 | tcly | MT 3 | CA 3 | KK 3 | MC 2 | MI 2 | 16 | 5.6 | 1.4 | ||||||||||
QZ 2 |
FRACTION INTERPRETATION: | ||||
tcly - Total Clay <0.002 mm |
MINERAL INTERPRETATION: | ||||
CA Calcite | CL Chlorite | KK Kaolinite | MC Montmorillonite-Chlorite | MI Mica |
MT Montmorillonite | QZ Quartz | VC Vermiculite-Chlorite | VR Vermiculite |
RELATIVE PEAK SIZE: | 5 Very Large | 4 Large | 3 Medium | 2 Small | 1 Very Small | 6 No Peaks |
*** Primary Characterization Data *** |
Pedon ID: 89TX469014 | ( Victoria, Texas ) | Print Date: Nov 23 2024 7:25AM |
Sampled As | : | Lake Charles | Fine, montmorillonitic, thermic Typic Pelludert | ||
USDA-NRCS-NSSC-Soil Survey Laboratory | ; | Pedon No. 89P0510 |
Sand - Silt Mineralogy (2.0-0.002 mm) | -1- | -2- | -3- | -4- | -5- | -6- | -7- | -8- | -9- | -10- | -11- | -12- | -13- | -14- | -15- | -16- | -17- | -18- | |||
X-Ray | Thermal | Optical | EGME | Inter | |||||||||||||||||
Tot Re | Grain Count | Retn | preta | ||||||||||||||||||
Depth | Fract | 7B1a2 | tion | ||||||||||||||||||
Layer | (cm) | Horz | ion | ( - - - - - - - - peak size - - - - - - - - - ) | (- - - - - - - - % - - - - - - - - - -) | (- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - % - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -) | mg g-1 | ||||||||||||||
89P02833 | 0.0-8.0 | A1 | vfs | 91 | QZ 89 | FD 7 | OT 3 | PO 1 | OP 1 | ZR tr | |||||||||||
TM tr | FP tr | ||||||||||||||||||||
89P02835 | 48.0-92.0 | Bw1 | vfs | 94 | QZ 92 | FD 4 | OP 2 | OT 2 | PO tr | ZR tr | |||||||||||
FK tr | |||||||||||||||||||||
89P02837 | 120.0-150.0 | Bk1 | vfs | 91 | QZ 89 | FD 5 | CB 2 | OP 2 | OT 2 | ZR tr | |||||||||||
PO tr | FP tr | TM tr | FK tr | CA tr | |||||||||||||||||
89P02839 | 175.0-215.0 | Bk3 | vfs | 91 | QZ 91 | FD 6 | OT 2 | FP tr | MS tr | OP tr | |||||||||||
CB tr | TM tr | ZR tr | BT tr | CA tr | FK tr |
FRACTION INTERPRETATION: | ||||
vfs - Very Fine Sand 0.05-0.1 mm |
MINERAL INTERPRETATION: | ||||
BT Biotite | CA Calcite | CB Carbonate Aggregates | FD Feldspar | FK Potassium Feldspar |
FP Plagioclase Feldspar | MS Muscovite | OP Opaques | OT Other | PO Plant Opal |
QZ Quartz | TM Tourmaline | ZR Zircon |