*** Primary Characterization Data ***

Pedon ID: 97VA033004

( Caroline, Virginia )

Print Date: May 19 2024 3:41PM

Sampled as on Oct 5, 1997:	WICKHAM
Revised to :

				United States Department of Agriculture
SSL	-	Project	CP98VA011   CROPPING SYSTEM PROJECT	Natural Resources Conservation Service
	-	Site ID	S1997VA033004     MLRA: 133A	National Soil Survey Center
	-	Pedon No.	98P0045	Soil Survey Laboratory
	-	General Methods 1B1A, 2A1, 2B		Lincoln, Nebraska 68508-3866

---

Layer	Horizon	Orig Hzn	Depth (cm)	Field Label 1	Field Label 2	Field Label 3	Field Texture	Lab Texture
98P00321	Ap	Ap	0-25					L
98P00322	Bt1	Bt1	25-51					CL
98P00323	Bt1	Bt1	51-74					CL
98P00324	Bt2	Bt2	74-97					L
98P00325	CB	CB	97-112					FSL
98P00326	C	C	112-173					FSL
98P00327	Ap1	Ap1	0-3
98P00328	Ap2	Ap2	3-10
98P00329	Ap3	Ap3	10-25

---

Pedon Calculations
Calculation Name	Result	Units of Measure
CEC Activity, CEC7/Clay, Weighted Average	0.31	(NA)
Clay, carbonate free, Weighted Average	31	% wt
Weighted Particles, 0.1-75mm, 75 mm Base	15	% wt
Volume, >2mm, Weighted Average	0	% vol
Clay, total, Weighted Average	31	% wt
Weighted averages based on control section: 25-75 cm

*** Primary Characterization Data ***

Pedon ID: 97VA033004

( Caroline, Virginia )

Print Date: May 19 2024 3:41PM

Sampled As	:	WICKHAM
USDA-NRCS-NSSC-Soil Survey Laboratory			;	Pedon No.  98P0045

---

PSDA  &  Rock Fragments				-1-	-2-	-3-	-4-	-5-	-6-	-7-	-8-	-9-	-10-	-11-	-12-	-13-	-14-	-15-	-16-	-17-	-18-
					(- - - - - Total - - - - - -)			(- - Clay - - -)		(- - - - Silt - - - - -)		(- - - - - - - - - - - - Sand - - - - - - - - - - - -)					( Rock Fragments   (mm) )
				Lab	Clay	Silt	Sand	Fine	CO3	Fine	Coarse	VF	F	M	C	VC	(- - - - - - - - Weight - - - - - - - -)				>2 mm
				Text-	<	.002	.05	<	<	.002	.02	.05	.10	.25	.5	1	2	5	20	.1-	wt %
	Depth			ure	.002	-.05	-2	.0002	.002	-.02	-.05	-.10	-.25	-.50	-1	-2	-5	-20	-75	75	whole
Layer	(cm)	Horz	Prep		(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - % of <2mm Mineral Soil - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)												(- - - - - - - % of <75mm - - - - - -)				soil
				3A1a1a	3A1a1a	3A1a1a	3A1a1a	3A1a1a		3A1a1a	3A1a1a	3A1a1a	3A1a1a	3A1a1a	3A1a1a	3A1a1a	3B1	3B1	3B1
98P00321	0-25	Ap	S	l	15.2	39.2	45.6	5.9		20.5	18.7	19.0	21.6	4.3	0.7	tr	--	--	--	27	--
98P00322	25-51	Bt1	S	cl	32.8	37.2	30.0	16.3		21.8	15.4	14.5	14.1	1.2	0.2	tr	--	--	--	16	--
98P00323	51-74	Bt1	S	cl	29.5	39.3	31.2	16.0		20.0	19.3	17.3	12.9	0.9	0.1	tr	tr	--	--	14	--
98P00324	74-97	Bt2	S	l	20.5	40.6	38.9	10.2		18.1	22.5	21.0	16.1	1.7	0.1	--	--	--	--	18	--
98P00325	97-112	CB	S	fsl	13.4	30.1	56.5	7.0		13.2	16.9	21.5	28.2	5.8	0.9	0.1	--	--	--	35	--
98P00326	112-173	C	S	fsl	8.0	16.8	75.2	3.9		8.6	8.2	17.6	48.0	9.3	0.3	--	--	--	--	58	--
98P00327	0-3	Ap1	S														--	--	--
98P00328	3-10	Ap2	S														--	--	--
98P00329	10-25	Ap3	S														--	--	--

---

Water Dispersible PSDA				-1-	-2-	-3-	-4-	-5-	-6-	-7-	-8-	-9-	-10-	-11-	-12-
				(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Water Dispersible - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)
				(- - - - - Total - - - - - -)			(- - Clay - - -)		(- - - - Silt - - - - -)		(- - - - - - - - - - - - Sand - - - - - - - - - - - -)
				Clay	Silt	Sand	F	CO3	F	C	VF	F	M	C	VC
				<	.002	.05	<	<	.002	.02	.05	.10	.25	.5	1
	Depth			.002	-.05	-2	.0002	.002	-.02	-.05	-.10	-.25	-.50	-1	-2
Layer	(cm)	Horz	Prep	(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - % of <2mm - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)
				3A1a6a	3A1a6a	3A1a6a			3A1a6a	3A1a6a	3A1a6a	3A1a6a	3A1a6a	3A1a6a	3A1a6a
98P00321	0-25	Ap	S	10.0	42.3	47.7			22.7	19.6	17.5	24.7	4.8	0.7	--

*** Primary Characterization Data ***

Pedon ID: 97VA033004

( Caroline, Virginia )

Print Date: May 19 2024 3:41PM

Sampled As	:	WICKHAM
USDA-NRCS-NSSC-Soil Survey Laboratory			;	Pedon No.  98P0045

---

Bulk Density  &  Moisture				-1-	-2-	-3-	-4-	-5-	-6-	-7-	-8-	-9-	-10-	-11-	-12-	-13-	-14-
				(Bulk Density)		Cole	(- - - - - - - - - - - Water Content - - - - - - - - - - -)					( Air Dry-Oven Dry )		WRD	Aggst
				33	Oven	Whole	6	10	33	1500	1500 kPa	(- - - - Ratio - - - -)		Whole	Stabl	(- - Ratio/Clay - -)
	Depth			kPa	Dry	Soil	kPa	kPa	kPa	kPa	Moist		Corrected	Soil	2-0.5mm	CEC7	1500 kPa
Layer	(cm)	Horz	Prep	(- - - g cm-3 - - -)			(- - - - - - - - - - - - pct of < 2mm - - - - - - - - - - - -)							cm3 cm-3	%
										3C2a1a		3D1			3F1a1a	8D1	8D1
98P00321	0-25	Ap	S							6.9		1.008			18	0.39	0.45
98P00322	25-51	Bt1	S							15.6		1.019				0.30	0.48
98P00323	51-74	Bt1	S							14.5		1.017				0.32	0.49
98P00324	74-97	Bt2	S							10.8		1.013				0.39	0.53
98P00325	97-112	CB	S							7.2		1.009				0.43	0.54
98P00326	112-173	C	S							5.1		1.007				0.58	0.64
98P00327	0-3	Ap1	S									1.000			20
98P00328	3-10	Ap2	S									1.000			25
98P00329	10-25	Ap3	S									1.000			11

---

Water Content				-1-	-2-	-3-	-4-	-5-	-6-	-7-	-8-	-9-	-10-	-11-	-12-	-13-
				(- - Atterberg - -)		(- - - - - Bulk Density - - - - -)			(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Water Content - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)
				(- - - Limits - - -)		Field	Recon	Recon	Field	Recon	(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sieved Samples - - - - - - - - - - - - -)
				LL	PI		33	Oven		33	6	10	33	100	200	500
	Depth						kPa	Dry		kPa	kPa	kPa	kPa	kPa	kPa	kPa
Layer	(cm)	Horz	Prep	pct <0.4mm		(- - - - - - - - g cm-3 - - - - - - -)			(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - % of < 2mm - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)
				4F1	4F
98P00321	0-25	Ap	S	26	11

*** Primary Characterization Data ***

Pedon ID: 97VA033004

( Caroline, Virginia )

Print Date: May 19 2024 3:41PM

Sampled As	:	WICKHAM
USDA-NRCS-NSSC-Soil Survey Laboratory			;	Pedon No.  98P0045

---

Carbon  &  Extractions				-1-	-2-	-3-	-4-	-5-	-6-	-7-	-8-	-9-	-10-	-11-	-12-	-13-	-14-	-15-	-16-	-17-	-18-	-19-
				(- - - - - Total - - - - -)			Est	OC	C/N	(- - - Dith-Cit Ext - - -)			(- - - - - - Ammonium Oxalate Extraction - - - - - -)						(- - - Na Pyro-Phosphate - - -)
	Depth			C	N	S	OC	(WB)	Ratio	Fe	Al	Mn	Al+½Fe	ODOE	Fe	Al	Si	Mn	C	Fe	Al	Mn
Layer	(cm)	Horz	Prep	(- - - - - - - - - - % of <2 mm - - - - - - - - - -)						(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - % of < 2mm - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)								mg kg-1	(- - - - - - % of < 2mm - - - - -)
				6A2e						6C2b	6G7a	6D2a
98P00321	0-25	Ap	S	0.58			0.6			2.2	0.4	0.1
98P00322	25-51	Bt1	S	0.16			0.2
98P00323	51-74	Bt1	S	0.08			0.1
98P00324	74-97	Bt2	S	0.07			0.1
98P00325	97-112	CB	S	0.03			tr
98P00326	112-173	C	S	0.03			tr
98P00327	0-3	Ap1	S	0.74			0.7
98P00328	3-10	Ap2	S	0.67			0.7
98P00329	10-25	Ap3	S	0.52			0.5

^{1,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8} Analyzed size fraction = <2 mm

---

CEC  &  Bases				-1-	-2-	-3-	-4-	-5-	-6-	-7-	-8-	-9-	-10-	-11-	-12-	-13-	-14-
				(- - - - - - NH4OAC Extractable Bases - - - - -)								CEC8	CEC7	ECEC		(- - - - Base - - - -)
								Sum	Acid-	Extr	KCl	Sum	NH4	Bases	Al	(- Saturation -)
	Depth			Ca	Mg	Na	K	Bases	ity	Al	Mn	Cats	OAC	+Al	Sat	Sum	NH4OAC
Layer	(cm)	Horz	Prep	(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - cmol(+) kg-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)							mg kg-1	(- - - - cmol(+) kg-1 - - -)			(- - - - - - - - % - - - - - - - -)
				6N2e	6O2d	6P2b	6Q2b		6H5a	6G9c	6D3b	5A3a	5A8b	5A3b	5G1	5C3	5C1
98P00321	0-25	Ap	S	3.6	1.3	0.3	0.2	5.4	5.0			10.4	6.0			52	90
98P00322	25-51	Bt1	S	5.9	2.5	0.4	0.7	9.5	5.6			15.1	9.8			63	97
98P00323	51-74	Bt1	S	4.5	2.2	0.3	0.1	7.1	5.7			12.8	9.3			55	76
98P00324	74-97	Bt2	S	3.3	2.0	0.4	0.1	5.8	5.2			11.0	8.0			53	73
98P00325	97-112	CB	S	2.1	1.7	0.2	--	4.0	4.3	0.7	1.7	8.3	5.8	4.7	15	48	69
98P00326	112-173	C	S	1.3	1.5	0.4	--	3.2	3.3	0.4	1.5	6.5	4.6	3.6	11	49	70

*** Primary Characterization Data ***

Pedon ID: 97VA033004

( Caroline, Virginia )

Print Date: May 19 2024 3:41PM

Sampled As	:	WICKHAM
USDA-NRCS-NSSC-Soil Survey Laboratory			;	Pedon No.  98P0045

---

Salt

-1-

-2-

-3-

-4-

-5-

-6-

-7-

-8-

-9-

-10-

-11-

-12-

-13-

-14-

-15-

-16-

-17-

-18-

-19-

-20-

(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Water Extracted From Saturated Paste - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)

1:2

Total

Elec

Elec

Exch

Depth

Ca

Mg

Na

K

CO3

HCO3

F

Cl

PO4

Br

OAC

SO4

NO2

NO3

H2O

Salts

Cond

Cond

Na

SAR

Layer

(cm)

Horz

Prep

(- - - - - mmol(+) L-1 - - - - -)

(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - mmol(-) L-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)

(- - - - % - - - -)

(- - dS m-1 - -)

%

98P00321

0-25

Ap

S

5

98P00322

25-51

Bt1

S

4

98P00323

51-74

Bt1

S

3

98P00324

74-97

Bt2

S

5

98P00325

97-112

CB

S

3

98P00326

112-173

C

S

9

---

pH  &  Carbonates

-1-

-2-

-3-

-4-

-5-

-6-

-7-

-8-

-9-

-10-

-11-

(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - pH - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)

(- - Carbonate - -)

(- - Gypsum - - -)

CaCl2

As CaCO3

As CaSO4*2H2O

Resist

Depth

0.01M

H2O

Sat

<2mm

<20mm

<2mm

<20mm

ohms

Layer

(cm)

Horz

Prep

KCl

1:2

1:1

Paste

Oxid

NaF

(- - - - - - - - - - - - % - - - - - - - - - - -)

cm-1

4C1a2a

4C1a2a

6E1g

98P00321

0-25

Ap

S

5.4

5.9

98P00322

25-51

Bt1

S

6.2

6.6

98P00323

51-74

Bt1

S

5.9

6.4

98P00324

74-97

Bt2

S

5.2

5.7

98P00325

97-112

CB

S

4.7

5.2

98P00326

112-173

C

S

4.7

5.3

98P00327

0-3

Ap1

S

tr

98P00328

3-10

Ap2

S

tr

98P00329

10-25

Ap3

S

tr

---

Phosphorus

-1-

-2-

-3-

-4-

-5-

-6-

-7-

-8-

-9-

-10-

-11-

-12-

(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Phosphorus - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)

KCl

Melanic

NZ

Acid

Anion Exch Resin

Bray

Bray

Olsen

H2O

Citric

Mehlich

Extr

Depth

Index

Oxal

Available

Capacity

1

2

Acid

III

NO3

Layer

(cm)

Horz

Prep

%

(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - mg kg-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)

6S3b

98P00321

0-25

Ap

S

19.0

*** Primary Characterization Data ***

Pedon ID: 97VA033004

( Caroline, Virginia )

Print Date: May 19 2024 3:41PM

Sampled As	:	WICKHAM
USDA-NRCS-NSSC-Soil Survey Laboratory			;	Pedon No.  98P0045

---

Clay Mineralogy (<.002 mm)

-1-

-2-

-3-

-4-

-5-

-6-

-7-

-8-

-9-

-10-

-11-

-12-

-13-

-14-

-15-

-16-

-17-

-18-

X-Ray

Thermal

Elemental

EGME

Inter

SiO2

Al2O3

Fe2O3

MgO

CaO

K2O

Na2O

Retn

preta

Depth

Fract

7A2i

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

tion

Layer

(cm)

Horz

ion

( - - - - - - - - - peak size - - - - - - - - - - )

(- - - - - - - - - % - - - - - - - - - -)

(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - % - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)

mg g-1

98P00321

0.0-25.0

Ap

tcly

KK 4

VR 2

GI 1

MI 1

GE 1

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

QZ 1

HE 1

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

FRACTION INTERPRETATION:
tcly - Total Clay <0.002 mm	&nbsp;	&nbsp;	&nbsp;	&nbsp;

MINERAL INTERPRETATION:
GE Goethite	GI Gibbsite	HE Hematite	KK Kaolinite	MI Mica
QZ Quartz	VR Vermiculite	 	 	 

RELATIVE PEAK SIZE:

5 Very Large

4 Large

3 Medium

2 Small

1 Very Small

6 No Peaks