*** Primary Characterization Data ***

Pedon ID: S2000SD081002

( Lawrence, South Dakota )

Print Date: Nov 21 2024 1:24PM

Sampled as on Jul 17, 2000:	Virkula ; Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, frigid Glossic Hapludalfs
Revised to SSL:	(unnamed) ; Fine-loamy, micaceous, frigid Glossic Hapludalf

				United States Department of Agriculture
SSL	-	Project	CP00SD208   BLACK HILLS, SOUTH DAKOTA	Natural Resources Conservation Service
	-	Site ID	S2000SD081002   Lat: 44° 11' 6.99" north  Long: 103° 31' 35.99" west  MLRA: 62	National Soil Survey Center
	-	Pedon No.	00P1261	Soil Survey Laboratory
	-	General Methods 1B1A, 2A1, 2B		Lincoln, Nebraska 68508-3866

---

Layer	Horizon	Orig Hzn	Depth (cm)	Field Label 1	Field Label 2	Field Label 3	Field Texture	Lab Texture
00P07363	Oi	Oi	0-5					SIL
00P07364	E/A	E/A	5-16				L	SIL
00P07365	E	E	16-32				L	SIL
00P07366	EB	EB	32-48				CL	L
00P07367	Bt/E	Bt/E	48-61				CL	CL
00P07368	Bt1	Bt1	61-99				CL	L
00P07369	2Bt2	Bt2	99-144				CL	L
00P07370	3Bt3	Bt3	144-180				CL	CL
00P07371	3Btk	Btk	180-203				CL	CL

---

Pedon Calculations
Calculation Name	Result	Units of Measure
CEC Activity, CEC7/Clay, Weighted Average	0.74	(NA)
Clay, carbonate free, Weighted Average	24	% wt
Weighted Particles, 0.1-75mm, 75 mm Base	49	% wt
Volume, >2mm, Weighted Average	34	% vol
Clay, total, Weighted Average	24	% wt
Weighted averages based on control section: 48-98 cm

*** Primary Characterization Data ***

Pedon ID: S2000SD081002

( Lawrence, South Dakota )

Print Date: Nov 21 2024 1:24PM

Sampled As	:	Virkula		Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, frigid Glossic Hapludalfs
USDA-NRCS-NSSC-Soil Survey Laboratory			;	Pedon No.  00P1261

---

PSDA  &  Rock Fragments				-1-	-2-	-3-	-4-	-5-	-6-	-7-	-8-	-9-	-10-	-11-	-12-	-13-	-14-	-15-	-16-	-17-	-18-
					(- - - - - Total - - - - - -)			(- - Clay - - -)		(- - - - Silt - - - - -)		(- - - - - - - - - - - - Sand - - - - - - - - - - - -)					( Rock Fragments   (mm) )
				Lab	Clay	Silt	Sand	Fine	CO3	Fine	Coarse	VF	F	M	C	VC	(- - - - - - - - Weight - - - - - - - -)				>2 mm
				Text-	<	.002	.05	<	<	.002	.02	.05	.10	.25	.5	1	2	5	20	.1-	wt %
	Depth			ure	.002	-.05	-2	.0002	.002	-.02	-.05	-.10	-.25	-.50	-1	-2	-5	-20	-75	75	whole
Layer	(cm)	Horz	Prep		(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - % of <2mm Mineral Soil - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)												(- - - - - - - % of <75mm - - - - - -)				soil
				3A1a1a	3A1a1a	3A1a1a	3A1a1a	3A1a1a		3A1a1a	3A1a1a	3A1a1a	3A1a1a	3A1a1a	3A1a1a	3A1a1a	3B1	3B1	3B1
00P07363	0-5	Oi	S	sil	21.0	54.5	24.5			30.3	24.2	4.7	6.6	8.5	3.8	0.9	--	--	--	20	--
00P07364	5-16	E/A	S	sil	8.6	55.5	35.9	2.3		26.5	29.0	10.2	6.8	9.1	6.9	2.9	3	2	1	32	8
00P07365	16-32	E	S	sil	6.1	54.7	39.2	1.5		26.6	28.1	9.9	7.3	9.4	7.6	5.0	5	8	2	41	17
00P07366	32-48	EB	S	l	14.4	42.8	42.8	3.8		24.7	18.1	11.2	9.4	8.7	9.5	4.0	6	18	20	62	46
00P07367	48-61	Bt/E	S	cl	27.7	36.2	36.1	16.2		20.0	16.2	8.8	7.1	8.8	7.6	3.8	12	10	3	45	36
00P07368	61-99	Bt1	S	l	23.0	37.1	39.9	14.5		22.1	15.0	13.0	8.4	8.3	6.5	3.7	5	5	21	50	50
00P07369	99-144	2Bt2	S	l	23.7	37.6	38.7	14.7		22.7	14.9	13.1	7.6	7.7	6.4	3.9	tr	tr	1	26	16
00P07370	144-180	3Bt3	S	cl	30.5	30.2	39.3	20.9		16.4	13.8	6.9	8.5	13.8	9.0	1.1	2	6	16	49	29
00P07371	180-203	3Btk	S	cl	29.5	32.7	37.8	13.3		17.9	14.8	7.0	7.8	12.8	8.2	2.0	1	9	7	43	17

---

Bulk Density  &  Moisture				-1-	-2-	-3-	-4-	-5-	-6-	-7-	-8-	-9-	-10-	-11-	-12-	-13-	-14-
				(Bulk Density)		Cole	(- - - - - - - - - - - Water Content - - - - - - - - - - -)					( Air Dry-Oven Dry )		WRD	Aggst
				33	Oven	Whole	6	10	33	1500	1500 kPa	(- - - - Ratio - - - -)		Whole	Stabl	(- - Ratio/Clay - -)
	Depth			kPa	Dry	Soil	kPa	kPa	kPa	kPa	Moist		Corrected	Soil	2-0.5mm	CEC7	1500 kPa
Layer	(cm)	Horz	Prep	(- - - g cm-3 - - -)			(- - - - - - - - - - - - pct of < 2mm - - - - - - - - - - - -)							cm3 cm-3	%
				4A1d	4A1h				4B1c	3C2a1a	4B2b	3D1		4C1		8D1	8D1
00P07363	0-5	Oi	S							120.7		1.065				4.19	5.75
00P07363	0-5	Oi	M								128.9
00P07364	5-16	E/A	S	1.24	1.31	0.018			19.8	5.8		1.010		0.17		1.35	0.67
00P07365	16-32	E	S	1.62	1.63	0.002			17.1	3.2		1.006		0.20		1.02	0.52
00P07366	32-48	EB	S	1.66	1.70	0.005			15.2	5.3		1.009		0.11		0.56	0.37
00P07367	48-61	Bt/E	S	1.63	1.79	0.023			16.4	10.9		1.018		0.07		0.59	0.39
00P07368	61-99	Bt1	S	1.67	1.84	0.020			18.2	10.1		1.019		0.09		0.80	0.44
00P07369	99-144	2Bt2	S	1.64	1.79	0.026			20.3	11.1		1.024		0.13		0.93	0.47
00P07370	144-180	3Bt3	S	1.61	1.83	0.034			19.7	12.4		1.026		0.09		0.76	0.41
00P07371	180-203	3Btk	S							12.5		1.028				0.84	0.42

*** Primary Characterization Data ***

Pedon ID: S2000SD081002

( Lawrence, South Dakota )

Print Date: Nov 21 2024 1:24PM

Sampled As	:	Virkula		Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, frigid Glossic Hapludalfs
USDA-NRCS-NSSC-Soil Survey Laboratory			;	Pedon No.  00P1261

---

Carbon  &  Extractions				-1-	-2-	-3-	-4-	-5-	-6-	-7-	-8-	-9-	-10-	-11-	-12-	-13-	-14-	-15-	-16-	-17-	-18-	-19-
				(- - - - - Total - - - - -)			Est	OC	C/N	(- - - Dith-Cit Ext - - -)			(- - - - - - Ammonium Oxalate Extraction - - - - - -)						(- - - Na Pyro-Phosphate - - -)
	Depth			C	N	S	OC	(WB)	Ratio	Fe	Al	Mn	Al+½Fe	ODOE	Fe	Al	Si	Mn	C	Fe	Al	Mn
Layer	(cm)	Horz	Prep	(- - - - - - - - - - % of <2 mm - - - - - - - - - -)						(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - % of < 2mm - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)								mg kg-1	(- - - - - - % of < 2mm - - - - -)
				6A2e	6B4a	6R3c								8J1c	6C9b	6G12b	6V2b	6D5b
00P07363	0-5	Oi	S	38.03	1.62	0.23	38
00P07364	5-16	E/A	S	1.81	0.10	tr	2
00P07365	16-32	E	S	0.54	0.04	tr	1						0.16	0.06	0.22	0.05	0.01	245.0
00P07366	32-48	EB	S	0.23	0.03	tr	tr						0.10	0.05	0.11	0.04	0.01	--
00P07367	48-61	Bt/E	S	0.25	0.05	tr	tr						0.18	0.04	0.17	0.10	0.02	53.0
00P07368	61-99	Bt1	S	0.20	0.04	tr	tr						0.19	0.03	0.23	0.07	0.03	137.0
00P07369	99-144	2Bt2	S	0.16	0.02	tr	tr						0.15	0.02	0.13	0.08	0.04	159.0
00P07370	144-180	3Bt3	S	0.15	0.03	tr	tr						0.13	0.02	0.09	0.09	0.05	312.0
00P07371	180-203	3Btk	S	0.48	0.02	tr	tr						0.11	0.01	0.07	0.08	0.05	275.0

---

CEC  &  Bases				-1-	-2-	-3-	-4-	-5-	-6-	-7-	-8-	-9-	-10-	-11-	-12-	-13-	-14-
				(- - - - - - NH4OAC Extractable Bases - - - - -)								CEC8	CEC7	ECEC		(- - - - Base - - - -)
								Sum	Acid-	Extr	KCl	Sum	NH4	Bases	Al	(- Saturation -)
	Depth			Ca	Mg	Na	K	Bases	ity	Al	Mn	Cats	OAC	+Al	Sat	Sum	NH4OAC
Layer	(cm)	Horz	Prep	(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - cmol(+) kg-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)							mg kg-1	(- - - - cmol(+) kg-1 - - -)			(- - - - - - - - % - - - - - - - -)
				6N2i	6O2h	6P2f	6Q2f		6H5a	6G9c	6D3b	5A3a	5A8b			5C3	5C1
00P07363	0-5	Oi	S	52.0	6.4	0.5	2.0	60.9	60.9	--	10.4	121.8	87.9			50	69
00P07364	5-16	E/A	S	8.1	1.1	0.3	0.4	9.9	5.7			15.6	11.6			63	85
00P07365	16-32	E	S	4.4	0.8	0.3	0.3	5.8	2.5			8.3	6.2			70	94
00P07366	32-48	EB	S	5.6	1.2	0.3	0.2	7.3	4.0	--	--	11.3	8.1			65	90
00P07367	48-61	Bt/E	S	11.4	2.8	0.3	0.7	15.2	4.6	--	--	19.8	16.4			77	93
00P07368	61-99	Bt1	S	13.4	2.6	0.2	0.7	16.9	4.3	--	0.6	21.2	18.3			80	92
00P07369	99-144	2Bt2	S	17.8	2.7	0.4	0.6	21.5	5.1			26.6	22.1			81	97
00P07370	144-180	3Bt3	S	21.8*	2.9	0.3	0.5	25.5	3.1			28.6	23.2			89	100
00P07371	180-203	3Btk	S	51.6*	3.2	0.3	0.6		1.3				24.7			98	100

^*Extractable Ca may contain Ca from calcium carbonate or gypsum., CEC7 base saturation set to 100.

*** Primary Characterization Data ***

Pedon ID: S2000SD081002

( Lawrence, South Dakota )

Print Date: Nov 21 2024 1:24PM

Sampled As	:	Virkula		Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, frigid Glossic Hapludalfs
USDA-NRCS-NSSC-Soil Survey Laboratory			;	Pedon No.  00P1261

---

Salt				-1-	-2-	-3-	-4-	-5-	-6-	-7-	-8-	-9-	-10-	-11-	-12-	-13-	-14-	-15-	-16-	-17-	-18-	-19-	-20-
				(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Water Extracted From Saturated Paste - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)																	1:2
																			Total	Elec	Elec	Exch
	Depth			Ca	Mg	Na	K	CO3	HCO3	F	Cl	PO4	Br	OAC	SO4	NO2	NO3	H2O	Salts	Cond	Cond	Na	SAR
Layer	(cm)	Horz	Prep	(- - - - - mmol(+) L-1 - - - - -)				(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - mmol(-) L-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)										(- - - - % - - - -)		(- - dS m-1 - -)		%
																					4F1a1a1
00P07363	0-5	Oi	S																			1
00P07364	5-16	E/A	S																		0.08	3
00P07365	16-32	E	S																		0.10	5
00P07366	32-48	EB	S																		0.05	4
00P07367	48-61	Bt/E	S																		0.04	2
00P07368	61-99	Bt1	S																		0.03	1
00P07369	99-144	2Bt2	S																		0.04	2
00P07370	144-180	3Bt3	S																		0.16	1
00P07371	180-203	3Btk	S																		0.15	1

---

pH  &  Carbonates				-1-	-2-	-3-	-4-	-5-	-6-	-7-	-8-	-9-	-10-	-11-
				(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - pH - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)						(- - Carbonate - -)		(- - Gypsum - - -)
					CaCl2					As CaCO3		As CaSO4*2H2O		Resist
	Depth				0.01M	H2O	Sat			<2mm	<20mm	<2mm	<20mm	ohms
Layer	(cm)	Horz	Prep	KCl	1:2	1:1	Paste	Oxid	NaF	(- - - - - - - - - - - - % - - - - - - - - - - -)				cm-1
				4C1a2a3	4C1a2a	4C1a2a				4E1a1a1a1
00P07363	0-5	Oi	S		4.7	5.1
00P07364	5-16	E/A	S	5.5	5.7	6.5
00P07365	16-32	E	S	4.9	5.3	6.0
00P07366	32-48	EB	S	4.1	4.8	5.6
00P07367	48-61	Bt/E	S	4.2	4.9	5.9
00P07368	61-99	Bt1	S	4.1	5.0	5.8
00P07369	99-144	2Bt2	S	4.2	5.5	6.2
00P07370	144-180	3Bt3	S	5.8	6.7	7.0
00P07371	180-203	3Btk	S	6.6	7.4	8.1				3

*** Primary Characterization Data ***

Pedon ID: S2000SD081002

( Lawrence, South Dakota )

Print Date: Nov 21 2024 1:24PM

Sampled As	:	Virkula		Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, frigid Glossic Hapludalfs
USDA-NRCS-NSSC-Soil Survey Laboratory			;	Pedon No.  00P1261

---

Organic				-1-	-2-	-3-	-4-	-5-	-6-	-7-	-8-	-9-	-10-	-11-	-12-	-13-	-14-	-15-	-16-	-17-
				Mineral	OM	OM+	(- Total -)			Fiber Content		NaPyro	Decomp	Limnic	(- - pH - -)		(- - Bulk Density - -)			Proj
	Depth			Content	TC*1.724	Min	C	N	C/N	Unrub	Rub	Color	State	Matter	CaCl2	H2O	33 kPa	33 kPa rewet	OD	Subs
Layer	(cm)	Horz	Prep	(- - - - - - - - % - - - - - - - -)					ratio	% (by vol)								g cm-3		cm cm-1
				5A			6A2e	6B4a								4C1a2a
00P07363	0-5	Oi	S	37			38.03	1.62								5.1				--
00P07364	5-16	E/A	S				1.81	0.10								6.5				3
00P07365	16-32	E	S				0.54	0.04								6.0				10
00P07366	32-48	EB	S				0.23	0.03								5.6				32
00P07367	48-61	Bt/E	S				0.25	0.05								5.9				16
00P07368	61-99	Bt1	S				0.20	0.04								5.8				18
00P07369	99-144	2Bt2	S				0.16	0.02								6.2				1
00P07370	144-180	3Bt3	S				0.15	0.03								7.0				15
00P07371	180-203	3Btk	S				0.48	0.02								8.1				10

---

Phosphorus

-1-

-2-

-3-

-4-

-5-

-6-

-7-

-8-

-9-

-10-

-11-

-12-

(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Phosphorus - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)

KCl

Melanic

NZ

Acid

Anion Exch Resin

Bray

Bray

Olsen

H2O

Citric

Mehlich

Extr

Depth

Index

Oxal

Available

Capacity

1

2

Acid

III

NO3

Layer

(cm)

Horz

Prep

%

(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - mg kg-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)

6S8a

00P07365

16-32

E

S

102.0

00P07366

32-48

EB

S

83.0

00P07367

48-61

Bt/E

S

106.0

00P07368

61-99

Bt1

S

137.0

00P07369

99-144

2Bt2

S

64.0

00P07370

144-180

3Bt3

S

62.0

00P07371

180-203

3Btk

S

53.0

*** Primary Characterization Data ***

Pedon ID: S2000SD081002

( Lawrence, South Dakota )

Print Date: Nov 21 2024 1:24PM

Sampled As	:	Virkula		Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, frigid Glossic Hapludalfs
USDA-NRCS-NSSC-Soil Survey Laboratory			;	Pedon No.  00P1261

---

Clay Mineralogy (<.002 mm)				-1-	-2-	-3-	-4-	-5-	-6-	-7-	-8-	-9-	-10-	-11-	-12-	-13-	-14-	-15-	-16-	-17-	-18-
				X-Ray					Thermal				Elemental							EGME	Inter
													SiO2	Al2O3	Fe2O3	MgO	CaO	K2O	Na2O	Retn	preta
	Depth		Fract	7A2i																	tion
Layer	(cm)	Horz	ion	( - - - - - - - - - peak size - - - - - - - - - - )					(- - - - - - - - - % - - - - - - - - - -)				(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - % - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)							mg g-1
00P07368	61.0-99.0	Bt1	tcly	KK 4	MI 2	MT 2

FRACTION INTERPRETATION:
tcly - Total Clay <0.002 mm

MINERAL INTERPRETATION:
KK Kaolinite	MI Mica	MT Montmorillonite

RELATIVE PEAK SIZE:

5 Very Large

4 Large

3 Medium

2 Small

1 Very Small

6 No Peaks

*** Primary Characterization Data ***

Pedon ID: S2000SD081002

( Lawrence, South Dakota )

Print Date: Nov 21 2024 1:24PM

Sampled As	:	Virkula		Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, frigid Glossic Hapludalfs
USDA-NRCS-NSSC-Soil Survey Laboratory			;	Pedon No.  00P1261

---

Sand - Silt Mineralogy (2.0-0.002 mm)

-1-

-2-

-3-

-4-

-5-

-6-

-7-

-8-

-9-

-10-

-11-

-12-

-13-

-14-

-15-

-16-

-17-

-18-

X-Ray

Thermal

Optical

EGME

Inter

Tot Re

Grain Count

Retn

preta

Depth

Fract

7B1a2

tion

Layer

(cm)

Horz

ion

( - - - - - - - - peak size - - - - - - - - - )

(- - - - - - - - % - - - - - - - - - -)

(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - % - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)

mg g-1

00P07367

48.0-61.0

Bt/E

csi

57

QZ 52

FK 17

MS 13

BT 9

FE 4

AR 1

HN 1

CD 1

FP 1

CL 1

GS 1

OP tr

PR tr

BY tr

ZR tr

PO tr

TM tr

PN tr

00P07368

61.0-99.0

Bt1

csi

28

BT 59

QZ 25

MS 9

FE 3

FK 2

HN tr

FP tr

AR tr

PR tr

OP tr

BY tr

GN tr

CA tr

SP tr

ZR tr

RU tr

TM tr

PO tr

FRACTION INTERPRETATION:
csi - Coarse Silt 0.02-0.05 mm

MINERAL INTERPRETATION:
AR Weatherable Aggregates	BT Biotite	BY Beryl	CA Calcite	CD Chert (Chalcedony
CL Chlorite	FE Iron Oxides (Goethite	FK Potassium Feldspar	FP Plagioclase Feldspar	GN Garnet
GS Glass	HN Hornblende	MS Muscovite	OP Opaques	PN Pollen
PO Plant Opal	PR Pyroxene	QZ Quartz	RU Rutile	SP Sphene
TM Tourmaline	ZR Zircon