*** Primary Characterization Data ***

Pedon ID: 78SD053009

( Gregory, South Dakota )

Print Date: Nov 24 2024 1:15AM

Sampled as on Jun 1, 1978:	Okaton ; Clayey, montmorillonitic (calcareous), mesic, shallow Typic Ustorthent
Revised to correlated:	Okaton ; Clayey, smectitic, mesic, shallow Typic Ustorthents

				United States Department of Agriculture
SSL	-	Project	CP78SD136   GREGORY COUNTY	Natural Resources Conservation Service
	-	Site ID	S1978SD053009   Lat: 43° 23' 40.00" north  Long: 99° 11' 15.00" west  MLRA: 63B	National Soil Survey Center
	-	Pedon No.	78P0362	Soil Survey Laboratory
	-	General Methods 1B1A, 2A1, 2B		Lincoln, Nebraska 68508-3866

---

Layer	Horizon	Orig Hzn	Depth (cm)	Field Label 1	Field Label 2	Field Label 3	Field Texture	Lab Texture
78P01968	A	A1	0-6				SIC	SIC
78P01969	By1	C1Cs	6-17				SIC	C
78P01970	By2	C2Cs	17-38				SIC	C
78P01971	By3	C3Cs	38-60				SIC	C
78P01972	Cr1	CR1	60-90
78P01973	Cr2	CR2	90-107					C
78P01974	Cr3	CR3	107-132					C

---

Pedon Calculations
Calculation Name	Result	Units of Measure
CEC Activity, CEC7/Clay, Weighted Average	0.35	(NA)
Clay, carbonate free, Weighted Average	60	% wt
Weighted Particles, 0.1-75mm, 75 mm Base	71	% wt
Volume, >2mm, Weighted Average	51	% vol
Clay, total, Weighted Average	61	% wt
Weighted averages based on control section: 25-60 cm

---

PSDA  &  Rock Fragments				-1-	-2-	-3-	-4-	-5-	-6-	-7-	-8-	-9-	-10-	-11-	-12-	-13-	-14-	-15-	-16-	-17-	-18-
					(- - - - - Total - - - - - -)			(- - Clay - - -)		(- - - - Silt - - - - -)		(- - - - - - - - - - - - Sand - - - - - - - - - - - -)					( Rock Fragments   (mm) )
				Lab	Clay	Silt	Sand	Fine	CO3	Fine	Coarse	VF	F	M	C	VC	(- - - - - - - - Weight - - - - - - - -)				>2 mm
				Text-	<	.002	.05	<	<	.002	.02	.05	.10	.25	.5	1	2	5	20	.1-	wt %
	Depth			ure	.002	-.05	-2	.0002	.002	-.02	-.05	-.10	-.25	-.50	-1	-2	-5	-20	-75	75	whole
Layer	(cm)	Horz	Prep		(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - % of <2mm Mineral Soil - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)												(- - - - - - - % of <75mm - - - - - -)				soil
				3A1a1a	3A1a1a	3A1a1a	3A1a1a		3A1a1a	3A1a1a	3A1a1a	3A1a1a	3A1a1a	3A1a1a	3A1a1a	3A1a1a	3B1	3B1	3B1
78P01968	0-6	A	S	sic	47.2	45.1	7.7		8.2	38.5	6.6	4.0	2.4	0.7	0.5	0.1	--	--	--	4	--
78P01969	6-17	By1	S	c	60.0	37.5	2.5		1.3	32.7	4.8	2.0	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.1	--	--	--	1	--
78P01970	17-38	By2	S	c	59.7	38.0	2.3		1.0	31.9	6.1	2.1	0.1	0.1	--	--	67	16	--	83	83
78P01971	38-60	By3	S	c	61.2	37.0	1.8		1.1	33.3	3.7	1.4	0.2	0.1	0.1	--	34	30	--	64	64
78P01972	60-90	Cr1	S														12	44	25
78P01973	90-107	Cr2	S	c	49.1	31.3	19.6		7.1	28.3	3.0	1.5	1.7	1.6	4.0	10.8	2	4	--	23	6
78P01974	107-132	Cr3	S	c	57.5	38.4	4.1		20.5	33.7	4.7	2.8	1.2	0.1	tr	tr	--	--	--	1	--

*** Primary Characterization Data ***

Pedon ID: 78SD053009

( Gregory, South Dakota )

Print Date: Nov 24 2024 1:15AM

Sampled As	:	Okaton		Clayey, montmorillonitic (calcareous), mesic, shallow Typic Ustorthent
USDA-NRCS-NSSC-Soil Survey Laboratory			;	Pedon No.  78P0362

---

Bulk Density  &  Moisture				-1-	-2-	-3-	-4-	-5-	-6-	-7-	-8-	-9-	-10-	-11-	-12-	-13-	-14-
				(Bulk Density)		Cole	(- - - - - - - - - - - Water Content - - - - - - - - - - -)					( Air Dry-Oven Dry )		WRD	Aggst
				33	Oven	Whole	6	10	33	1500	1500 kPa	(- - - - Ratio - - - -)		Whole	Stabl	(- - Ratio/Clay - -)
	Depth			kPa	Dry	Soil	kPa	kPa	kPa	kPa	Moist		Corrected	Soil	2-0.5mm	CEC7	1500 kPa
Layer	(cm)	Horz	Prep	(- - - g cm-3 - - -)			(- - - - - - - - - - - - pct of < 2mm - - - - - - - - - - - -)							cm3 cm-3	%
				4A1d	4A1h				4B1c	3C2a1a		3D1	4E2a1a1a1	4C1		8D1	8D1
78P01968	0-6	A	S	1.07					30.6	20.8		1.059	1.056	0.10		0.61	0.44
78P01969	6-17	By1	S	0.96	1.05	0.030			37.8	16.6		1.124	1.036	0.20		0.31	0.28
78P01970	17-38	By2	S	1.00	1.12	0.013			39.9	13.1		1.135	1.017	0.09		0.33	0.22
78P01971	38-60	By3	S	1.08	1.21	0.022			40.8	10.7		1.125	1.025	0.19		0.34	0.17
78P01972	60-90	Cr1	S	1.12	1.28				43.5	17.8		1.111	1.020
78P01973	90-107	Cr2	S	1.35	1.52	0.039			34.7	12.5		1.052	1.048	0.29		0.28	0.25
78P01974	107-132	Cr3	S	1.42	1.54	0.027			33.1	18.4		1.148	1.024	0.21		0.28	0.32

³ Analyzed size fraction = <2 mm

---

Carbon  &  Extractions				-1-	-2-	-3-	-4-	-5-	-6-	-7-	-8-	-9-	-10-	-11-	-12-	-13-	-14-	-15-	-16-	-17-	-18-	-19-
				(- - - - - Total - - - - -)			Est	OC	C/N	(- - - Dith-Cit Ext - - -)			(- - - - - - Ammonium Oxalate Extraction - - - - - -)						(- - - Na Pyro-Phosphate - - -)
	Depth			C	N	S	OC	(WB)	Ratio	Fe	Al	Mn	Al+½Fe	ODOE	Fe	Al	Si	Mn	C	Fe	Al	Mn
Layer	(cm)	Horz	Prep	(- - - - - - - - - - % of <2 mm - - - - - - - - - -)						(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - % of < 2mm - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)								mg kg-1	(- - - - - - % of < 2mm - - - - -)
				4H2a	6B1b	4H2a		6A1c
78P01968	0-6	A	S	5.65	0.233	2.45		3.16	14
78P01969	6-17	By1	S	2.49	0.075	9.44		1.02	14
78P01970	17-38	By2	S	2.20	0.071	10.32		0.86	12
78P01971	38-60	By3	S	2.27	0.060	9.07		0.71	12
78P01972	60-90	Cr1	S	2.48		6.86		0.58
78P01973	90-107	Cr2	S	2.63		6.26		0.33
78P01974	107-132	Cr3	S	5.08		1.72		0.35

---

Carbon  &  Extractions

-1-

-2-

-3-

-4-

-5-

-6-

-7-

-8-

-9-

-10-

-11-

-12-

-13-

-14-

-15-

-16-

-17-

-18-

-19-

(- - - - - Total - - - - -)

Est

OC

C/N

(- - - Dith-Cit Ext - - -)

(- - - - - - Ammonium Oxalate Extraction - - - - - -)

(- - - Na Pyro-Phosphate - - -)

Depth

C

N

S

OC

(WB)

Ratio

Fe

Al

Mn

Al+½Fe

ODOE

Fe

Al

Si

Mn

C

Fe

Al

Mn

Layer

(cm)

Horz

Prep

(- - - - - - - - - - % of <2 mm - - - - - - - - - -)

(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - % of < 2mm - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)

mg kg-1

(- - - - - - % of < 2mm - - - - -)

4H2a

78P01972

60-90

Cr1

S

0.01

78P01973

90-107

Cr2

S

0.06

78P01974

107-132

Cr3

S

0.02

*** Primary Characterization Data ***

Pedon ID: 78SD053009

( Gregory, South Dakota )

Print Date: Nov 24 2024 1:15AM

Sampled As	:	Okaton		Clayey, montmorillonitic (calcareous), mesic, shallow Typic Ustorthent
USDA-NRCS-NSSC-Soil Survey Laboratory			;	Pedon No.  78P0362

---

CEC  &  Bases				-1-	-2-	-3-	-4-	-5-	-6-	-7-	-8-	-9-	-10-	-11-	-12-	-13-	-14-
				(- - - - - - NH4OAC Extractable Bases - - - - -)								CEC8	CEC7	ECEC		(- - - - Base - - - -)
								Sum	Acid-	Extr	KCl	Sum	NH4	Bases	Al	(- Saturation -)
	Depth			Ca	Mg	Na	K	Bases	ity	Al	Mn	Cats	OAC	+Al	Sat	Sum	NH4OAC
Layer	(cm)	Horz	Prep	(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - cmol(+) kg-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)							mg kg-1	(- - - - cmol(+) kg-1 - - -)			(- - - - - - - - % - - - - - - - -)
					6O2d	6P2b	6Q2b						5A8a			5C3
78P01968	0-6	A	S		1.4	--	1.0						28.6			100
78P01969	6-17	By1	S		0.1	--	0.4						18.4			100
78P01970	17-38	By2	S		0.1	--	0.4						19.9			100
78P01971	38-60	By3	S		0.2	--	0.5						21.1			100
78P01972	60-90	Cr1	S		0.5	tr	0.5						18.9
78P01973	90-107	Cr2	S		2.2	tr	0.6						13.7			100
78P01974	107-132	Cr3	S		5.3	tr	0.8						16.2			100

---

Salt				-1-	-2-	-3-	-4-	-5-	-6-	-7-	-8-	-9-	-10-	-11-	-12-	-13-	-14-	-15-	-16-	-17-	-18-	-19-	-20-
				(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Water Extracted From Saturated Paste - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)																	1:2
																			Total	Elec	Elec	Exch
	Depth			Ca	Mg	Na	K	CO3	HCO3	F	Cl	PO4	Br	OAC	SO4	NO2	NO3	H2O	Salts	Cond	Cond	Na	SAR
Layer	(cm)	Horz	Prep	(- - - - - mmol(+) L-1 - - - - -)				(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - mmol(-) L-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)										(- - - - % - - - -)		(- - dS m-1 - -)		%
				6N1b	6O1b	6P1b	6Q1b		6J1b		6K1c				6L1c		6M1c	8A	8D5	8A1a			5E
78P01968	0-6	A	S	35.4	0.6	0.1	0.8		6.7		1.4				30.4		1.6	94.3	0.2	2.61		--	--
78P01969	6-17	By1	S	33.2	0.1	0.1	0.5		3.0		1.0				31.1			73.5	0.1	2.43		--	--
78P01970	17-38	By2	S	31.4	0.2	0.1	0.5		2.2		1.0				30.6			75.9	0.1	2.34		--	--
78P01971	38-60	By3	S	31.2	0.2	0.2	0.4		1.7		1.3				30.2			70.8	0.1	2.31		--	tr
78P01972	60-90	Cr1	S	30.5	0.7	0.2	0.5		1.2		0.9				30.6			79.1		2.32
78P01973	90-107	Cr2	S	30.1	3.3	0.3	0.7		1.1		0.9				32.8			64.6	0.1	2.42		--	tr
78P01974	107-132	Cr3	S	28.8	7.8	0.3	0.9		0.9		1.0				36.0			83.5	0.2	2.61		--	tr

*** Primary Characterization Data ***

Pedon ID: 78SD053009

( Gregory, South Dakota )

Print Date: Nov 24 2024 1:15AM

Sampled As	:	Okaton		Clayey, montmorillonitic (calcareous), mesic, shallow Typic Ustorthent
USDA-NRCS-NSSC-Soil Survey Laboratory			;	Pedon No.  78P0362

---

pH  &  Carbonates				-1-	-2-	-3-	-4-	-5-	-6-	-7-	-8-	-9-	-10-	-11-
				(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - pH - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)						(- - Carbonate - -)		(- - Gypsum - - -)
					CaCl2					As CaCO3		As CaSO4*2H2O		Resist
	Depth				0.01M	H2O	Sat			<2mm	<20mm	<2mm	<20mm	ohms
Layer	(cm)	Horz	Prep	KCl	1:2	1:1	Paste	Oxid	NaF	(- - - - - - - - - - - - % - - - - - - - - - - -)				cm-1
					8C1e	8C1a	8C1b			6E1b		4E2a1a1a1		8E1
78P01968	0-6	A	S		7.5	7.6	7.0			22		12
78P01969	6-17	By1	S		7.6	7.7	7.2			13		47
78P01970	17-38	By2	S		7.7	7.8	7.3			17		51
78P01971	38-60	By3	S		7.7	7.8	7.4			20		45		920
78P01972	60-90	Cr1	S		7.6	7.7	7.6			16		41
78P01973	90-107	Cr2	S		7.7	7.7	7.6			19		15		810
78P01974	107-132	Cr3	S		7.7	7.7	7.7			43		6

---

pH  &  Carbonates

-1-

-2-

-3-

-4-

-5-

-6-

-7-

-8-

-9-

-10-

-11-

(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - pH - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)

(- - Carbonate - -)

(- - Gypsum - - -)

CaCl2

As CaCO3

As CaSO4*2H2O

Resist

Depth

0.01M

H2O

Sat

<2mm

<20mm

<2mm

<20mm

ohms

Layer

(cm)

Horz

Prep

KCl

1:2

1:1

Paste

Oxid

NaF

(- - - - - - - - - - - - % - - - - - - - - - - -)

cm-1

6F1c

78P01968

0-6

A

S

10

78P01969

6-17

By1

S

45

78P01970

17-38

By2

S

54

78P01971

38-60

By3

S

50

78P01972

60-90

Cr1

S

39

78P01973

90-107

Cr2

S

13

78P01974

107-132

Cr3

S

8

*** Primary Characterization Data ***

Pedon ID: 78SD053009

( Gregory, South Dakota )

Print Date: Nov 24 2024 1:15AM

Sampled As	:	Okaton		Clayey, montmorillonitic (calcareous), mesic, shallow Typic Ustorthent
USDA-NRCS-NSSC-Soil Survey Laboratory			;	Pedon No.  78P0362

---

Miscellaneous Data

-1-

-2-

-3-

-4-

-5-

-6-

-7-

-8-

-9-

-10-

-11-

-12-

-13-

-14-

(- Sat Paste Ex. -)

(- Sand -)

( Water Content )

Bulk

(- - - - Extractable Bases - - - -)

(- - - CEC8 - - -)

CO3+

(- - - pH - - -)

M+C+VC

Moist Sieved

Density

Depth

Ca

Mg

Na

K

NaOAC

BaCl2

Ca+Mg

HCO3

CaCl2

H2O

.25-2

100 kPa

200 kPa

10 kPa

Layer

(cm)

Horz

Prep

(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - cmol(+)kg-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)

mmol(+)L-1

mmol(-)L-1

1:10

1:10

(- - - - - % of <2mm - - - - -)

g cm-3

NK

78P01968

0-6

A

S

7.7

78P01969

6-17

By1

S

7.8

78P01970

17-38

By2

S

7.9

78P01971

38-60

By3

S

7.9

78P01972

60-90

Cr1

S

7.8

78P01973

90-107

Cr2

S

7.9

78P01974

107-132

Cr3

S

7.9

*** Primary Characterization Data ***

Pedon ID: 78SD053009

( Gregory, South Dakota )

Print Date: Nov 24 2024 1:15AM

Sampled As	:	Okaton		Clayey, montmorillonitic (calcareous), mesic, shallow Typic Ustorthent
USDA-NRCS-NSSC-Soil Survey Laboratory			;	Pedon No.  78P0362

---

Clay Mineralogy (<.002 mm)

-1-

-2-

-3-

-4-

-5-

-6-

-7-

-8-

-9-

-10-

-11-

-12-

-13-

-14-

-15-

-16-

-17-

-18-

X-Ray

Thermal

Elemental

EGME

Inter

SiO2

Al2O3

Fe2O3

MgO

CaO

K2O

Na2O

Retn

preta

Depth

Fract

7A2i

7C3

tion

Layer

(cm)

Horz

ion

( - - - - - - - - - peak size - - - - - - - - - - )

(- - - - - - - - - % - - - - - - - - - -)

(- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - % - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -)

mg g-1

78P01971

38.0-60.0

By3

tcly

MT 3

CA 3

MI 2

KK 2

QZ 1

8.0

2.1

FD 1

FRACTION INTERPRETATION:
tcly - Total Clay <0.002 mm

MINERAL INTERPRETATION:
CA Calcite	FD Feldspar	KK Kaolinite	MI Mica	MT Montmorillonite
QZ Quartz

RELATIVE PEAK SIZE:

5 Very Large

4 Large

3 Medium

2 Small

1 Very Small

6 No Peaks